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Headset Mtb Road
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A bicycle or just cycle is a human-powered vehicle driven by pedals. It has two wheels which are attached to a metal or in some cases hard plastic frame, one at the front and the other at the back.
History of a bicycle
The bicycle was first introduced in Europe in the 19th century. Presently their number is exceeding one billion throughout the world. They are used as a principal mode of transportation in some areas of the world, especially Netherlands and China. They have also developed as a very popular form of entertainment and recreation. Other fields of human activities that they have been adopted are adult fitness, children`s toys, police and military applications, cycle sports and courier services. Thus over the period of time the humble bicycle has assumed quite a few roles!
The basic configuration and shape of a common bicycle has been altered very slightly since the first model driven by chains was developed back in 1885. However, some subtle details have been made better with the growing use of computer and improvement in material technology. Using modern technologies have made it possible to produce specialized designs for different kinds and uses of cycling.
Parts and Construction of a Typical Bicycle
Wheels - it is the most important part of any vehicle. The initial wheels used a wooden hub with a steel axle, spokes made of wood and an iron tire which is fitted on the outside. The wheels used today have a metal hub, metallic wire spokes, a metal rim to hold the spokes and a pneumatic rubber tire on the outside. Another important part of the wheel are the bearings which allows free movement of the hub on the axle.
Frame - most of the bicycles used today has the diamond frame. It`s made up of two triangles, the front and the rear. The front triangle has the top tube, head tube, seat tube and down tube. Head tube is the part containing the headset of bearing to allow smooth steering, the top tube connects to the seat, and the down tube connects the head tube and bottom bracket. The rear triangle has the seat tube, seat stays and paired chain stays.
Drivetrain - it consists of the pedals, which rotates the crank arms, which in turn are attached to a sprocket or chain rings which drives the chain and makes the rear wheel rotate.
Seating and Steering - steering is made possible using the handlebars which turns the front wheel. For seating there are saddles on the top of the frame. The seating can be designed for comfort or to make cycling smoother and faster.
Brakes - the brakes used in modern bicycles are either rim brakes that uses pads to compress the wheel from 2 sides and stopping it, internal hub brakes that has the pads inside the hubs or disc brakes. Braking in bicycles is hand-operated by pressing the brake levers installed on the handlebars on either side.
Suspension - it is the system incorporated to make the cycling experience smoother.
Accessories - parts like mudguards to avoid spray from puddles, chain guards to save clothes from oils, kick stands to keep the bicycle upright while parked have become permanent features of a bicycle. Other accessories like front baskets, rear racks, space for head lamp, a pump, helmets, tool kit etc are also available as per ordered.
The use and development of bicycles have affected mankind in a bigger way than it seems. It has affected history in both industrial and cultural realms. In the initial years, bicycles and its construction were dependent on the technology that existed; more recently, its technology in turn has given forth ideas in different areas.
Roberto Sedycias works as IT consultant for PoloMercantil
Bike Stem Guide
When purchasing a Carbon Bike Stem, you should consider several factors. First you must determine headset type (threadless or quill). Then you must match it to a steerer tube diameter and a handlebar diameter. Finally, you must decide what length and how much rise or drop you want your bike stem to give you. Once you have decided on those characteristics, you must decide on the material you'd like and consider its price.
Stem type
The two main types of bike stems are "threadless" and "quill." The type of stem required is determined by the headset and carbon forks installed on your bicycle--either threaded or threadless. Once you have determined which headset style your bicycle requires, you must determine the different compatibility factors: steerer tube diameter and handlebar diameter.
Steerer tube diameter
Carbon Bike Stem attach to the bike via the steerer tube. Threadless stems clamp around the steerer, while quill stems use compression to attach to the inside of the steerer.
* Threadless Threadless headsets and carbon forks come in four standard sizes: 1-inch, 1-1/8-inch, 1-1/4-inch and 1-1/2-inch. These sizes correspond to matching stem sizes. 1-1/8-inch headsets are the current leader in the headset race. However, with new trends always surfacing and old trends always resurging, this could change in the future.
* Quill Threaded headsets come in 1-inch, 1-1/8-inch and 1-1/4-inch sizes with corresponding quill stems sized down for the internal diameter of the fork's steerer tube. 1-inch threaded headsets were the industry standard for decades and remain very popular in the vintage and retro bike world. They remain the most widely used and readily available.
Handlebar diameter
Handlebars come in many shapes and sizes. It is very important that your stem's handlebar clamp be compatible with your handlebar. Different brands have minor variations to the standard sizes. Typical HB Clamp sizes are 25.4mm (ISO and MTB), 26.0mm (road standard) and 31.8mm (oversized road and MTB).
Now you have the two main factors down. Once you determine the clamp size for a threadless stem or the steerer tube inner diameter for the quill stem and the appropriate clamp size for you handlebars, you can decide what length and drop are necessary for your ideal bike fit. You can then decide what material and price to look for in your stem. Stem length and rise/drop are determined based upon fit requirements. Different types of bicycles and riding styles require different stem dimensions. Your stem purchase should be based on your required fit, not the other way around.
Stem length
Length or reach is the horizontal measurement of your bike stem. It is measured from the center of your steer tube to the center of your handlebar clamp along the central axis of your stem. Stem length typically ranges from 60mm to 150mm with some outliers in the extremes.
Road stems for racing bikes are typically on the longer side of the scale, giving the rider a more stretched-out riding position, with mountain bike stems and recreational bicycle stems on the shorter side, providing a more upright position. BMX stems are an exception and are in a class by themselves. Quill stems are generally measured perpendicularly from the center line of the steerer tube to the center of the handlebar clamp. Stem length can affect the responsiveness of the bicycle. A longer stem will cause slower bike response, while a shorter stem will react much more quickly.
Stem rise/drop
Rise and drop are measured by the degree of difference from 90 degrees from the steerer tube. Quill stems are set with a positive or negative (rise or drop) or a zero degree rise. A threadless stem is measured from 90 and can be flipped to give an equal rise or drop, depending on orientation. For example, a threadless stem with a 17-degree rise will have a 73-degree drop (90-17=73).
Road stems for racing bikes are typically in the drop position because this gives the rider a dropped and stretched out stance, while MTB and recreational bikes typically have a rise orientation to allow the rider a more comfortable upright position.
Stem material
The vast majority of bike stems on the market are made from an aluminum alloy or from carbon fiber. Some stems are built with an alloy structure wrapped in carbon fiber for aesthetic and comfort reasons. Alloy stems are typically more affordable than the carbon variety, though some high-end aluminum stems made of the highest grade alloys can be lighter and more responsive than their carbon counterparts, making them cost considerably more than the most affordable stems on the market.
Carbon stems are built for weight and comfort on the bike. Road vibrations travel up the bike, through the fork and stem and handlebars into the rider's hands. Carbon fiber has great vibration-dampening properties and aids in removing a large part of this "road static." In order to make the carbon strong enough to be a safe stem material, they overbuild it to add strength. This is why the highest quality alloy stems can be lighter and stronger than many carbon versions. Some boutique bicycle companies offer titanium stems that have their own benefits. They are comfortable, look great with a Ti bike and are lighter than the less expensive alloy versions.
Stem price
Stem price is determined by several factors, namely material and weight. It's easy to make a cheap alloy stem and put it on the market. This stem is going to be heavy and lack aesthetic value. Likewise, it is easy to build an inexpensive carbon stem. This stem will offer little benefit. It will be built with such thick carbon that it will transfer more road static than other carbon models and will be heavier than even moderately priced alloy stems.
All bike stems, when properly chosen, are going to function identically. They are going to be safe. They will hold your bars, your steerer tube and will steer your bike. When you look at the upper price range, you are looking at more engineering and more research money put into that stem that the company is trying to recoup. Carbon and high-end alloy stems are going to top the charts alongside titanium, with cheap carbon and other alloy stems filling in the lower price ranges.
Some extra tips for choosing the right stem
When using Aero-bars, cruiser bars or others that place added torque on the bar, be sure to use a stem that is able to withstand the increased torque. Most quill stems and some threadless stems secure the handlebar with a single binder bolt securing the lower portion of a wrap-around bar clamp. This requires you to remove any shifters or levers and grips or bar tape from at least one side of your bar to do a stem swap. More common today is a detachable faceplate with 1-4 securing bolts. The faceplate can be removed, alloying the bar to fall free. This is a much more convenient setup that is just as secure as the older version, though less aesthetically pleasing in some people's eyes.
About the Author
Resource Box: At Carbon Inc, we are committed, fanatical even, in finding you the latest products like Carbon Frame, Carbon Wheels, Carbon Forks, Carbon Stem and Carbon Seat post at great prices.
I am going to convert my old Giant boulder to a single speed worried about compatibility new to old parts?
the giant boulder is 1998 ish. I would like to convert it into a single speed, I already have a road bike (2010) and would like to upgrade the parts on the road bike and then put the superseded parts onto the old bike. Is this possible with regards to bottom brackets and headset compatibility, as well as fitting road brakes onto a mtb frame? has anyone tried this? i intend to do all of the fitting myself.
the front forks are fixed. and by the looks of it there are mounts available for road breaks.
with regards to the rear drop outs not allowing for chain tensioning I intend to have a chain device to take up the slack. I intend to fit new wheels in the later stages of the build. my first task will be taking converting the rear wheel to single speed and changing the cranks, and my main worry is that I want to change the bottom bracket and dont know if a new one will fit into the frame?
The main problem you'll have is that the rear wheel fitting won't allow you to move the wheel to tension the chain correctly, so from that point of view it probably won't work.
I doubt if the brakes will fit, do you intend to upgrade the wheels to 700c? that will cause even more problems.
You'll also have front suspension, and do you really want that on a single speed cycle?
I'm not sure if any of the parts will be compatible, it depends on too many factors for anyone to give a definitive answer.
I have converted a mountain bike into a road bike, but there are limits to how successful this conversion can be, and it depends a lot on what you want the finished product to be used for. the best you can hope for is to end up with a hybrid type cycle, and if that is what you want, then go for it.
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